Test design. Specification based or black box techniques

Here are the list of techniques according to ISTQB:

• Equivalence partitioning
• Boundary value analysis
• Decision tables
• Use case tests
• State-based tests
• Pairwise tests
• Classification trees
• Defect-taxonomy tests
• Error-guessing tests
• Checklist-based tests
• Exploratory tests
• Software attacks

Equivalence partitioning: A black-box test design technique in which test cases are designed to
execute representatives from equivalence partitions. In principle, test cases are designed to cover
each partition at least once.

Boundary value analysis: A black-box test design technique in which test cases are designed based
on boundary values.
boundary value: An input value or output value that is on the edge of an equivalence partition or at
the smallest incremental distance on either side of an edge, such as, for example the minimum or maximum value of a range.

Cause-effect graphing: A black-box test design technique in which test cases are designed from
cause-effect graphs.

Decision table testing: A black-box test design technique in which test cases are designed to execute
the combinations of inputs and/or stimuli (causes) shown in a decision table.

Use case testing: A black-box test design technique in which test cases are designed to execute user
scenarios.

State transition testing: A black-box test design technique in which test cases are designed to execute
valid and invalid state transitions.

Pairwise testing: A black-box test design technique in which test cases are designed to execute all
possible discrete combinations of each pair of input parameters